【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种现象，提纲第2点要求分析产生这种现象的原因，提纲第3点要求“我”针对该现象给出建议，由此可判断本文应为现象解释型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述当前社会上人们热衷于购买彩票的现象；分析导致人们购买彩票的原因；针对购买彩票提出一至两点“我”的建议。

【参考范文】

Why Do People Like to Buy Lotteries?

Nowadays, there exist all kinds of lotteries in our society, such as welfare lottery, sports lottery, computer lottery, and so forth. Anyone, whether men or women, the young or the old, may buy lottery tickets. But why do so many people like buying them?

The following reasons can account for the popularity of lotteries. First of all, most people are trying their luck on lottery tickets. They have a long-cherished dream of making big money overnight. In addition, there are some people who want to make donation to public welfare by buying lottery tickets. Besides, some people buy them just for fun.

As far as I am concerned, there are some risks in buying lotteries. People never should count on making big money by buying lotteries. Furthermore, lotteries to some extent are similar to gambling, so people should not spend too much money and energy on them. In a word, people should keep a clear head when buying lotteries.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点提出一种有争议的看法，提纲第2点要求表明“我”的态度，由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述目前很多漂亮的女孩子找工作更容易的现象，由此引出争议的观点：外貌比能力重要；表明“我”是否同意该观点并说明理由；针对外貌和能力提出“我”的建议。

【参考范文】

Is Good Appearance More Important than Capability?

Old people often tell the young, “Don’t judge a person by his appearance”, meaning capability is more important than appearance. However, nowadays, with more interviewers putting emphasis on looks and the appearance of the applicants, a lot of people come to the conclusion that appearance is more important than capability.

As for me, I can’t agree with this argument. Good appearance is pleasant, but capability is more important, because it demonstrates one’s self-cultivation and practical values. It shows the efforts and the glory of acquiring something through one’s hard work whereas good looks bespeak no struggle of the individual. Besides, maybe sometimes a beautiful face can help a girl acquire a good position, but in the long run it is her talent not her look that really works in her career development.

Therefore, those without good appearance needn’t feel depressed because one’s success depends on his capability; those with good appearance have to work hard since good appearance cannot bring a person final success.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点提出一个问题，提纲第2点指出解决该问题的紧迫性，提纲第3点要求谈谈大学生应该如何应对该问题，由此可判断本文应为问题解决型作文。　　

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述网络犯罪出现的背景及问题现状；指出解决网络犯罪问题的紧迫型，说明解决办法；从大学生的角度谈谈应该如何应对网络犯罪。

【参考范文】

Cyber Crimes

With the popularization of Internet, cyber crimes have become a serious problem facing us. Nowadays cyber criminals seem to be everywhere on the Internet. To illustrate, some commit fraud or lift intellectual property, others snatch passwords or disrupt e-commerce, and still others unleash viruses to crash computers. As a result, these crimes destroy network security greatly and make computer users suffer great losses.

However, we shouldn’t tolerate these cyber criminals any more. It’s high time for us to take effective measures to fight against cyber crimes. First, we should reinforce the cyber laws to punish cyber criminals strictly. Moreover, we should develop high techniques as soon as possible to improve intrusion detection and prevent cyber crimes. Besides, more talented people should be trained and more effective firewalls should be built up so as to make the net immune to all kinds of viruses.

As college students, we have responsibility to join the battle against cyber crimes. For one thing, we should not use others’ computers unless we get permission. For another, we should be honest to others on the Internet and not release or spread unreal information. In a word, it takes our common efforts to defeat cyber crimes.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出近几年社会上出现的一种现象，提纲第2点要求分析产生这种现象的原因，提纲第3点要求谈谈“我”对该现象的看法，由此可判断本文应为现象解释型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述近几年来报考国家公务员的热潮；分析产生这一热潮的主要原因；谈谈“我”对报考公务员的看法。

【参考范文】

Test for National Civil Servants

In recent years, there are more and more people who have participated in the test for national civil servants. Millions of students choose civil servant as their most ideal occupation after graduation. And among them, the high-educated, like masters and doctors, take quite a large percentage. The craze in civil servant test has attracted widespread attention.

The following reasons can account for this kind of craze. Above all, nowadays college students face great employment pressure. Civil servant, as one of the most stable professions in today’s China, becomes their preferable choice. Moreover, in recent years, the welfare and salary of civil servants have been improved greatly, which undoubtedly attracts many people. Besides, the high social position of civil servants is an important factor drawing many people to take part in the civil servant test.

In my opinion, this craze in civil servant test will continue in the following years. However, from the long run, it doesn’t do good to the development of the nation. If most high quality talents gather in the government departments, it might lead to a waste of resources. Therefore, both the individuals and the government should have a more objective recognition of the civil servant test craze.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种现象，提纲第2点要求分析该现象产生的原因，提纲第3点要求谈谈该现象可能带来的问题，由此可判断本文应为现象解释型作文

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述目前二手货的交易现状；说明二手货交易增加的原因；分析二手货交易可能带来的问题。

【参考范文】

Secondhand Goods

In recent years, second-hand transactions have become quite common. Nowadays there are more and more secondhand goods in the market, such as secondhand books, furniture, appliances, cars, and so on. Why do so many people like to buy secondhand goods?

The following reasons can account for this phenomenon. Above all, secondhand goods are cheaper than new ones. This enables those people who have poor financial abilities to buy the things they want. Moreover, secondhand goods transactions make it possible for people to make good use of the goods which may be useless in their hands. Besides, Internet provides a more convenient and quicker transaction platform for secondhand goods. 　　

However, there are also some problems in secondhand goods transactions. For one thing, the quality of secondhand goods can not be promised and you can not enjoy the good after-sale service. For another, secondhand goods market lacks enough supervision and management, and there exist many dishonest business activities. In a word, I think secondhand goods transaction is a good trading way, but it needs further perfection of the rules.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种现象，提纲第2点要求分析这种现象产生的原因，提纲第3点要求谈谈“我”对该现象的看法，由此可判断本文应为现象解释型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：简单说明何谓“自助游”，描述大学生热衷于“自助游”的现象；分析大学生选择“自助游”主要原因；阐述“我”对“自助游”的看法。

【参考范文】

Self-help Traveling of College Students

So called self-help traveling refers that travelers themselves arrange travel route, travel time, and all the other matters during travel, without any guide and team leader. Nowadays this kind of traveling model is gaining more and more popularity among college students. According to the survey, over 80% of college students prefer self-help traveling to following a tour group.

Why are college students so fond of self-help traveling? Above all, self-help traveling gives travelers more freedom and space. College students don’t like being restricted. They want to arrange their travel as they wish. Moreover, self-help traveling provides college students a good chance to improve their adaptability and viability. Besides, the expenses in self-help traveling are controlled by travelers themselves. It is a good choice for those college students who have not much money for their disposal.

As a college student, I enjoy self-help traveling very much, and I have benefited a lot from it. For one thing, I have appreciated many amazing scenery that those travelers who follow tour groups can not. For another, self-help travel helps me learn how to deal with people better.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种现象，提纲第2点要求分析产生该现象的原因，提纲第3点要求针对该现象给出“我”的建议，由此可判断本文应为现象解释型作文。　　

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述大学生使用信用卡的现状；分析大学生信用卡用户增加的原因；针对大学生使用信用卡提出“我”的建议。

【参考范文】

Credit Cards on Campus

In recent years, credit cards have gained more popularity among college students. With banks’ more focus on college market, an increasing number of college students have applied for  credit cards and begun to consume by them. 　　

The following three factors can account for the popularity of credit cards on campus. Firstly, a credit card provides overdrawing service, which is a big attraction for those students who have not much money for their domination. Secondly, a credit card can help release financial burdens on those poor students, and hence reduce the risk of their dropping school for lacking money. Besides, many banks make some preferential policies on credit cards, like sending a gift, lowering year cost. Drawn by these policies, many college students have applied for credit cards. 

As far as I am concerned, it is not a bad thing for college students to own credit cards. However, there is misuse of credit cards among college students. Many students use credit cards to buy luxurious things they don’t need really, and even some of them owe a big credit card debt. Therefore, schools and banks have responsibility to let college students learn how to use credit cards properly. Only in this way can college students enjoy really the advantages of credit cards.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一些人对于某种现象的看法，提纲第2点指出对该现象的另外一种看法，提纲第3点要求表明“我”的看法，由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述近年来名牌大学降低标准招收名人学生这一现象；对比阐述关于该现象的两种不同的看法和各自的理由；表明“我”更倾向于哪种看法并说明理由。

【参考范文】

Should Universities lower Admission Requirements for Celebrities?

In recent years, many famous universities lower admission requirements for celebrities. More and more celebrities, especially sports stars, have been admitted to famous universities even without an entry examination. This phenomenon has become a subject of widespread controversy.

Some people object strongly that universities lower admission requirements for celebrities. They hold that this admission pattern will damage the basic fairness rule of education. In addition, they say that if a person who has not enough academic ability is admitted to the university, it would be an insult on college education. However, still other people think it acceptable. They say that these celebrities deserve this privilege because they have proved their abilities in their field. Besides, in  their opinions, these celebrities to some extent set a good model for other young people. 　

Weighing these two arguments, I prefer the latter one. For one thing, these celebrities have sacrificed much learning time for their work, so they should be provided a better chance for learning. For another, if they accept advanced education, they could serve the society better. Therefore, I suggest that people should pay more attention to these celebrities’ efforts and contributions rather than the special treatment they enjoy.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种现象，提纲第2点要求分析现象产生的原因，提纲第3点要求谈谈“我”对该现象的看法，由此可判断本文应为现象解释型作文。　

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述目前许多大学生自主创业的现象；分析大学生选择自主创业的原因；阐述“我”对大学生自主创业的看法。

【参考范文】

College Students’ Starting Their Own Undertakings

Nowadays there are many college students who choose to start their own undertakings instead of finding a job after graduation. The government encourages this practice, and provides many preferential policies and facilitation measures for college students. This phenomenon has aroused great concern from the whole society.

However, why do so many college students take the way of starting their own undertakings? Firstly, college students are facing severe employment situations. Many college graduates couldn’t find ideal jobs, which forces them to set up their own businesses. Moreover, some ambitious college students are not satisfied with being employed by others. They want to develop and prove their talents by running their own businesses. Besides, the government’s encouragement and the media’s reports on college students venture stars have stimulated more college students’ enthusiasm to take this way.

As for me, it is a good choice for college students to start their own undertakings. However, it is a very difficult cause, which needs firm determination, clear mind, ability to endure hardship and a feasible project. Therefore, think it over and make full preparation before you decide to start your own business.

毕业去向

出国留学

其它

所占比例

50%

30%

17%

3%

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式图表命题。提纲第1点要求根据所给图表描述一种现象，提纲第2点要求分析这种现象的原因，提纲第3点要求谈谈“我”的看法，由此可判断本文应为现象解释型作文。　　

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：根据图表中的数据，描述近两年某高校毕业生去向分布情况；分析导致这样分布的原因；阐述“我”对毕业生去向的看法。 

【参考范文】

Choices after Graduation

From the above table, we can see that the students of this university have three main choices after graduation. Of these choices, the students who have found a job only take up 50%. In contrast, students who pursue further study by taking the postgraduate entrance exam or going abroad have increased greatly than before, with the total percentage of 47%. Indeed, this phenomenon is also quite common in other universities.

The following factors can account for the choices of graduates. Above all, with the enrollment extension of universities, college graduates are facing the severe employment situation, which forces them to find another way out. Moreover, in information age, knowledge is updated very rapidly. Many college students find their knowledge is not enough for their future career. Besides, some college students would not like to enter into the complicated society and want to escape from the reality temporarily by going to further study.

From my point of view, one’s choice after graduation should be based on his individual condition. Though taking the postgraduate entrance exam or going abroad for further study is a good choice, it is not necessarily true of everyone, because it might involve many factors, such as your future career direction, your economic condition. Therefore, we should take a full account before we make our decisions.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种现象，提纲第2点要求说明导致该现象的原因，提纲第3点要求分析该现象中可能存在的问题，由此可判断本文应为现象解释型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：简单介绍什么是“博客”，描述博客的流行情况；说明博客流行的原因；指出目前博客中可能存在的问题。

【参考范文】

The Popularity of Blog

In recent years, blog has become very popular. More and more people have created their own blogs and often visit others’ blogs. They use blog to reveal their inner voice, or collect and share thoughts and things they find interesting. In brief, blog is an online dairy or a frequently updated personal page.

Why does blog become so popular in such a short time? Firstly, it is the widespread of Internet that provides a platform for the appearance and popularity of blog. Secondly, anyone can create his own blog as he wishes. Blog has no fixed rules and needn’t professional knowledge and skills, which enables millions of people to have a voice and connect with others. Thirdly, blog covers all kinds of topics from daily life to political forums, from individual thoughts to world events. Among millions of blogs, you can always find something you are interested in.

However, blog has some problems. For one thing, plagiarism in blog is not unusual. The protection of blog copyright cannot be guaranteed. For another, many blog contents are in a mess, and some even include unhealthy things. Therefore, blog still has a long way to go before it becomes mature. 

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种现象，提纲第2点要求分析该现象带来的负面影响，提纲第3点要求说明应该如何防止该负面影响，由此可判断本文应为问题解决型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述如今网络在人们生活和工作的重要地位，引出网络对隐私的侵犯这一问题；分析网络对个人隐私产生的主要影响；说明应该如何保障网络上的个人隐私。

【参考范文】

Internet and Piracy

Internet has penetrated into all the aspects of our life and work. We can study and work by it; we can find a job by it; we can communicate by it; we can entertain by it; we can buy and sell by it. We can do almost everything on the Internet, and almost anywhere anytime.

However, at the same time Internet provides services for us, it is inevitably invading our privacy to some degree. The services on most websites require our registering. If we want to enjoy these services, we have to provide much private information, including our names, gender, address, telephone number and sometimes bank account. Due to the poor Internet administration and weak network security, our information might be open, stolen or sold. Even sometimes the information will be misused by the criminals.

Considering the above-mentioned, we must enhance the alertness when using the Internet. First, when we need Internet service, we should always log on those big legal websites. Second, if the service requires important private information, you should think twice before you type in it.   

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种现象，提纲第2点针对该现象提出两种不同的观点，提纲第3点要求表明“我”的看法，由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述“月光族”现象，引出对这一现象的不同看法；对比阐述两种看法各自的理由；表明“我”对“月光族”的看法并说明理由。

【参考范文】

The Moonlight Clan

Nowadays, more and more people, especially the young are joining in the army of “the moonlight clan”. These people exhaust their earnings every month without any savings. Many people think this is a fashionable life style, while other people object to this kind of consumption style. 

Those who support “the moonlight clan” think that “the moonlight clan” knows how to enjoy life and have a higher life quality. However, other people criticize “the moonlight clan”. They say that the consumption habit of “the moonlight clan” is unhealthy and sometimes wasteful. In addition, no savings will place “the moonlight clan” in a difficult position in case of unexpected expenses.

Weighing these two arguments, I prefer the latter one. In my eyes, though “the moonlight clan” may acquire temporary satisfaction from their consumption, in the long term, it is unfavorable to their family and career. Just as a proverb says, one should always prepare for a rainy day.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点要求描述一种不良社会现象，提纲第2点要求分析这种现象造成的危害，提纲第3点则要求提供解决方法，由此可判断本文应为问题解决型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述假文凭的猖獗程度；说明假文凭对雇主及应聘者造成的危害；从预防与惩治的角度提出解决问题的举措。

【参考范文】

How to Eliminate Fake Diplomas?

Nowadays the flooding of fake diplomas is becoming more and more of a problem in our society. It is reported that fake diplomas are very common in the job market. In addition, there are a variety of fake diplomas or certificates.

It is very clearly seen that fake diplomas are bringing great damage in many aspects. Above all, employers may recruit employees who are not qualified for a certain post, causing a great loss to their companies. Furthermore, it’s unfair that one fails to get his job just because his rival has a fake diploma or certificate. Therefore, it is high time that we took effective measures to stop fake diplomas from spreading.

First of all, companies and universities should have a close contact so that the fake diplomas cannot play tricks. Moreover, the one who fabricates the fake diplomas should be severely punished by laws and totally exposed through media. Besides, companies should keep detailed information of the diploma holders and the diplomas should be issued with fake-proof mark. Only through these ways can this problem be tackled.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点要求描述经典名著被改写的现象，提纲第2点要求说明这种现象产生的原因，提纲第3点要求分析这种现象可能导致的问题，由此可判断本文应为现象解释型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述经典名著被改写的具体表现；分析改写名著的原因；阐述改写名著可能产生的问题，说明自己的观点。

【参考范文】

The Adaptation of the Classics

Nowadays many classics are being adapted in many ways, which has aroused great concern. In those adapted works, all plots are changed and all characters become somewhat watered down. In addition, some familiar characters in the classics have been distorted. There are many reasons accounting for this phenomenon.

Among all these reasons, readers’ preference plays a critical role. Moreover, the concept of creativity is prevailing in every aspect. Besides, the improved living standard enables people to pursue and enjoy more choices of entertainments including the adaptations of the classics. All these above reasons contribute to the adaptation of the classics. 

As far as I am concerned, the adaptation of the classics does more harm than good. For one thing, since the classical literature is the representation of the outstanding art of China, the act of adapting may ruin its charm. For another, those adapted works may confuse with history. Therefore, the real classics should be presented on the bookshelves to lead people to appreciate the real art.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点要求指出目前大学生就业难的现象，提纲第2点要求分析这种现象产生的原因，提纲第3点则要求阐述应该如何解决这一问题，由此可判断本文应为问题解决型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：提出大学生就业难的现象，指出现象的表现；说明现象产生的原因，如大学生追求目标过高等；从几个方面提出解决方法。

【参考范文】

College Students’ Job Hunting

Nowadays, the employment of college students is becoming more and more of a problem. About a decade ago, university students could find satisfactory and enviable jobs after graduation, while the things are quite different at present. In addition, according to statistics, about 30% of graduate students can’t find a job but stay at home after graduation.

Employment difficulty of college students is due to the following reasons. Among these, the increasing recruitment of colleges and universities plays a vital role. In addition, many colleges and universities fail to adapt their courses to the development of economy.

Considering the seriousness of unemployment of college students, I think it is high time that we took effective measures to solve the problem. Above all, college students should realize their own defects and further improve themselves to keep their competitive edge in society. Moreover, colleges or universities should provide more trainings and internship opportunities before the students enter the society. Besides, college students should hold a right attitude towards jobs and set their job expectations at a suitable level. Only through these ways can the college students find a satisfactory job and have a brighter future.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种现象，提纲第2点要求分析该现象的利与弊，提纲第3点要求谈谈“我”对该现象的看法，由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含如下内容：描述大学生中的未婚同居现象，引出对其的争议；对比分析大学生同居的利与弊；表明“我”对大学生未婚同居现象的立场并说明理由。

【参考范文】

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点和第2点指出一种有争议的现象，提纲第3点要求表明“我”对该现象的看法，由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含如下内容：描述年轻人热衷选秀节目的现象，引出对其的争议；表明“我”对年轻人热衷选秀节目的看法，并说明“我”的理由。

Nowadays TV PK shows are great hits in China and have attracted many young people. Some youngsters even give up their studies to attend these shows in the hope of becoming famous overnight. Some people think these shows provide young people more chance to show talents, while others believe that attending these shows does no good to the young people. As for me, I prefer to the latter opinion.

It should be admitted that some young people like Li yuchun has stood out from the numerous attendants in the PK show, but that doesn’t mean attending the PK shows is a good way to become successful for young people. The following reasons can support my view. Firstly, TV PK shows breed restlessness and induce young people to hunt after fame at whatever cost. Secondly, TV PK shows can subvert the youngsters’ values. They think attending the PK shows is a shortcut to the success, so they may despise the way of achieving success by hard work. Finally, if the young people fail in these shows, they will suffer a psychological unbalance.

In a word, entering for TV PK shows is not a good way for young people to make a success. I suggest young people should think twice before deciding to attend PK shows.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出两种不同的工作选择，提纲第2点要求表明“我”的倾向，由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含如下内容：指出人们对工作的两种不同选择倾向：一些人即使需要工作更长的时间也会选择收入高的工作，一些人则宁愿拿低工资也会选择工作时间较短的工作；表明“我”会选择什么类型的工作，说明“我”这样选择的理由。

【参考范文】

My Choice for Job

A recent survey shows that people who get higher salaries generally work longer hours than those who get lower salaries. Some people favor higher-paying jobs, even though such jobs always result in longer work time. They believe that money is so indispensable in people’s lives that without it no material comforts or well-being can be guaranteed.

However, others have different preferences. They would rather take up lower-paying jobs with shorter hours. In their eyes, money doesn’t necessarily ensure happiness and well-being. They want to spend more time in doing their likes and getting together with their family and friends.

As for me, I prefer to take up a job with shorter hours even if it pays less. In my opinion, work is not our whole life. We should allocate enough time to our family and friends and have more time to enjoy our life. Besides, we are not machines. We need time to relax and rest so that we could be energetic enough to do our job better.

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种现象，提纲第2点提出了对该现象的两种对立观点，提纲第3点要求表明“我”的立场，由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含如下内容：描述诸如蹦极、攀岩等冒险活动的流行，引出对其的争议：应不应该限制或禁止；表明“我”对冒险活动的看法，并说明理由。

【参考范文】

The Popularity of Adventure Activities

Nowadays, there are more and more adventure activities, like bungee jumping and rocking, which enjoy great popularity, especially among the youth. Some people think these activities are of high risk and should be constrained or even be forbidden, while others insist these activities bring people fresh experience and should be encouraged. As for me, I agree with the latter opinion.

The following reasons can support my view. Firstly, attending adventure activities is a fashionable and efficient means to temper people’s courage and willpower, which is scarcely seen among modern young people. Secondly, people in modern society are facing great pressure. Taking adventure activities has been proved to be an very effective channel to alleviate the pressure of working and life. Finally, from the economic point of view, it’s a new economic growth point which will surely attract a lot of people to take part in.

From the foregoing, we can safely draw a conclusion that adventure activities bring us many rewarding enjoyments and we should try to ensure its sound development. But it is worth noting that adventure activities are not suitable to everyone. These activities require good health condition. Therefore, people should take full account before taking any adventure activity.