1. 前段时间校园火灾频发，造成生命和财产损失

　　2. 分析火灾发生的原因

　　3. 作为学生，如何预防校园火灾发生

　　●审题概述●

　　这是一分析火灾原因和如何预防火灾为中心的文章，撰写时重点即在于此。开篇综述校园火灾频发情形及造成的生命和财产损失，然后说明火灾原因，最后提出可能的火灾预防措施。第一段，主要概述;第二段，说明原因;第三段，详细论述措施。

　　【范文】

　　Fire Prevention on Campus

　　People are alarmed by the succession of campus fires in recent years. In each of these accidents, heavy casualties were reported - houses were burned down, students lost their lives, and properties were damaged. Faced with such a chilling fact, people keep asking, "What on earth results in these repeated tragedies?"

　　A brief survey of them reveals that human factors still prove to be the leading causes. For example, three of these fires were caused by the students' use of electric water-heaters. As students often leave the heaters unattended, the risks are rather high should the water in the bottle boil dry while no one is around to turn off the power. In other cases, fires were also caused by stoves, candles, cigarette butts, etc.

　　Since most of these disasters could have been prevented if proper precautions had been taken, students should be better educated on the importance and measures of fire control. The following three reminders are of particular importance for us students: First, learn how to use a fire extinguisher. Second, double-check andles, heaters, stoves and other electric appliances, and make sure there are no open flames before leaving rooms. Lastly, do not smoke in the dorm.

　　◇第一段思路点评：

　　概述并引入下文

　　◇语言点提示：

　　(1)此句What on earth results in these repeated tragedies?常可作为过渡句，引出下文

　　(2)注意描述有关火灾客观事实，多使用被动语态，如are alarmed by，were reported，were burned down，were damaged，Faced with。

　　◇第二段思路点评：

　　论述火灾的主要原因是使用电热水器，还有造成火灾的次要原因是实用电炉、蜡烛和乱扔烟蒂，

　　◇语言点提示：

　　electric water-heaters电热水器

　　◇第三段思路点评：

　　详述预防火灾的三点措施，注意使用连接词语first, second, lastly。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　take precautions采取预防措施

　　fire extinguisher灭火器

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(二)Enhance Awareness to Guard against Campus Thefts

　　1.校园盗窃案件时有发生

　　2.物品被盗的原因

　　3.学生如何加强防盗意识

　　●审题概述●

　　这是一篇论述校园物品被盗和加强防盗意识的文章。第一段，主要陈述校园盗窃案件发生的情况。第二段，主要分析校园物品被盗的原因。第三段，主要阐述学生怎样增强防盗意识。

　　【范文】

　　Enhance Awareness to Guard against Campus Thefts

　　"If you don't want to wake up and find you have no pants to wear, you'd better put them on in sleep," goes a popular joke among students. Obviously, campus thefts have become increasingly annoying as they occur far more often than before. And it seems that the thieves are less choosy these days, with their targets ranging widely from bikes, cell phones, purses, pre-paid IC cards to sunglasses, bags, and even underwear. In short, anything that worth a dime is likely to be stolen.

　　What makes students the easy targets? The reasons are not hard to find. But I believe of all these reasons, the lack of anti-theft alertness is the most important. For lack of alertness, the students tend to leave the doors and windows wide open during sleep at noon or at night in summer. For the same reason, they'll also leave their bikes unlocked before a store or by a road, or forget to take away their personal stuff before they go out of the classroom to make a phone call. These acts undoubtedly have increased their exposure to the light-fingered monsters.

　　In order to minimize possible losses, the students must stay on guard in the first place, as awareness of the thefts around often makes a big difference. To be more specific, the students should not hide any tempting amount of cash in the dorm. Put it in the bank instead. Besides, do not leave any valuable items unattended. Take them wherever you go. In addition, it's advisable to develop a neighbourhood watch programme with other students in the dorm and neighbouring dorms.

　　◇第一段思路点评：

　　陈述校园盗窃案件发生的情况

　　◇语言点提示：

　　it seems that此句型表示一种可能性

　　◇第二段思路点评：

　　说明被盗原因

　　◇语言点提示：

　　(1)What makes students the easy targets?此句引出下文

　　(2)anti-theft alertness防盗意识

　　(3)lack of alertness缺乏警惕

　　(4)light-fingered小偷小摸的、惯行扒窃的

　　◇第三段思路点评：

　　阐述如何加强防盗意识

　　◇语言点提示：

　　注意关联词语in the first place，Besides，In addition的使用可使行文更富逻辑性。

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(三)How Will Our Life Go on without Internet?

　　1.网络提供给了人们丰富多彩和便捷的生活

　　2.很多人开始感觉离开网络寸步难行

　　3.你对网络依赖症的看法

　　● 审题概述●

　　本文是一篇论述你对网络与人们生活关系的文章。第一段，侧重简述网络给人们生活的多彩、便利。第二段，详述网络与人们生活的紧密度。第三段，论述对网络依赖的观点。

　　【范文1】

　　How Will Our Life Go on without Internet?

　　If asked whether the Internet is the greatest discovery of the 20th century, my answer would be yes. The Internet has drawn the world closer together, realized countless incredible dreams, and provided modern people with a great many conveniences and a brilliant life.

　　Today, many people simply feel they cannot live without the Internet. Governments publish their latest policies and decisions online for worldwide recognition. Political campaigns are often done online to gain wider public support. Companies and enterprises resort to the Internet for more business opportunities and potential customers home and abroad. Universities and researchers turn to the Internet if they'd seek international cooperation or funding. Common folks like us also rely on the cyber world in various ways, for communication, entertainment, banking and shopping.

　　True, the power of the Internet is all pervasive and its many negative effects are already visible. For example, Internet addicts tend to withdraw to their own fantasy world rather than communicate with a real person. Children are exposed to online pornography ?and violence. Internet frauds are an everyday occurrence. In view of all this, you are advised to use the Internet with wisdom. Keep it at a safe distance and never lose yourself.

　　◇第一段思路点评：

　　综述网络给人们生活带来的多彩和便捷。两个长句足矣。第一句用if引导的条件句引出"网络"话题，第二句概述网络带给多彩和便捷的生活。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　has drawn..., realized, and provided此为谓语连动式的运用。

　　◇第二段思路点评：

　　详述网络与人们生活的紧密关系，先总述，后分述。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　resort to借助、诉诸、求助于

　　◇第三段思路点评：

　　先陈述人们对网络的依赖，再谈对此的看法。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　(1)negative effects副作用、反面作用

　　(2)addicts成瘾者、依恋者

　　(3)fantasy world虚拟世界、虚幻世界

　　(4)pornography色情表演、色情作品

　　(5)fraud欺骗、诈骗

　　【范文2】

　　As a primary source of information as well as an efficient means of communication, the Internet offers people a colourful and convenient life. Just by clicking the mouse, we can enjoy a brilliant and easy life that could not be achieved ever before: shopping, making friends, contacting relatives, looking for jobs, downloading music and movies, conducting business deals, and freely airing our opinions.

　　For its convenience, the Internet has attracted people like magnets and some people even claim that it is indispensable. To them, life can't go on without it. Every day millions of people spend hours on end surfing the Internet. They are obsessed with it so much so that they forget many other important matters.

　　As for me, I don't approve of unrestrained Internet reliance. Although the Internet is a gift of the technological revolution and a blessing of this information age, we should never let it control our life. The Internet absolutely doesn't mean the whole world to us. Instead, we should guard against its negative effects. To those Internet addicts, I would add: "Self-control can make or break your life. With proper use, the Internet serves you; otherwise, it kills you."

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(四)Craze for Civil Service Examinations

　　1.现在有越来越多的大学毕业生报考公务员

　　2.引起此现象的原因

　　3.你的看法

　　● 审题概述●

　　本文是一篇主要论述大学生报考公务员增多的原因和对此看法的文章。第一段，主要综述大学生报考公务员增多的现象。第二段，侧重分析引起此现象的原因。第三段，重点谈你对此的观点。

　　【范文】

　　Craze for Civil Service Examinations

　　Every year hundreds of thous ands of people in China take civil service exams conducted at various levels in the hope of becoming government employees. Among them, college graduates are a fast-growing force that can't be ignored. The craze for being a civil servant is not limited to liberal arts majors, as it's also gaining popularity among science and engineering students.

　　In the final analysis, this growing trend among the youngsters is mainly attributable to two factors - ambitions and comforts. On the one hand, many ambitious college graduates view these exams as a springboard to a higher social status, greater power and prestige, on which many of their other wishes rest. On the other, as being a civil servant generally means a stable income, enviable healthcare and pension programmes, as well as other comforts of life, it's quite an appealing career option to many people, especially in this age of sluggish world economy.

　　Personally, the desire to be a government official is beyond reproach, as the nation and the people do need an injection of new blood into the civil service sectors. The fresh-faced college graduates, armed with lofty ideals, new vision, and strong drive, are undoubtedly among the best candidates.

　　◇第一段思路点评：

　　第一句总述人们蜂拥参加公务员招考，第二句点明大学生是其中的主力军，第三句再述热衷于公务员报考的大学生不仅有文科的，还有理工科的。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　liberal arts majors文科专业学生

　　◇第二段思路点评：

　　先总述引起大学生热衷报考公务员的两点因素，再详细分述。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　(1)On the one hand...On the other起到衔接上文作用

　　(2)is attributable to归因于

　　(3)sluggish world economy衰退的世界经济

　　◇第三段思路点评：

　　重点谈对大学生热衷报考公务员的观点。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　beyond reproach无可厚非

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(五)Is it Necessary to Attend Training Classes?

　　1.现在社会上有各种各样的培训班

　　2.有些人认为有必要参加课外培训班，有些人则认为没有必要

　　3.你的观点

　　● 审题概述●

　　这是一篇主要论述人们和你对社会上各类培训班看法的文章。第一段，概述各种各样培

　　训班的状况。第二段，论述人们对参加课外培训班的不同看法。第三段，重点阐述你对此的看法。

　　【范文】

　　Is it Necessary to Attend Training Classes?

　　All across the country a great diversity of custom-made classes are mushrooming, in which special training is provided concerning computer skills, arts, sports, and other extracurricular specialties like maths and writing. Among them language crash courses for various tests, such as CET, BEC, TOFEL, IELTS, GRE and so forth, are especially noticeable for its wide range and high attendance rate.

　　Some consider it advisable to attend such classes while others believe it unnecessary. The former argues that it's far more effective to command these special skills with the help of an experienced trainer than to work at them on their own. They are convinced that these training classes can make up for what is not taught in school, hence, more competitive edge over their peers. The latter group of people, nonetheless, criticize it as a sheer waste of resources. They warn that the quality of most training courses is questionable, as they are marketed to get money out of our pocket rather than get knowledge into our head.

　　As far as I am concerned, a little bit of such special training does us no harm, but too much of it can only prove to be counter-productive. Anyhow, the deprived free time can be better invested in recreation at weekends, talking to an old friend, or simply enjoying a long-overdue vacation.

　　◇第一段思路点评：

　　第一句综述社会上提供知识、技能服务的各类培训班雨后春笋般兴起，第二句例举语言速成课程特别火爆。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　(1)a great diversity of各种各样的

　　(2)mushrooming迅速扩散、增加

　　(3)language crash courses语言速成课程

　　◇第二段思路点评：

　　先用一句对比式地摆出两种不同的观点，再分别详述他们的看法。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　注意连接词语while，The former，They，The latter group of people等的使用，强化了上下文之间的连贯性。

　　◇第三段思路点评：

　　辩证地论述你对参加各类培训班的看法。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　(1)as far as I am concerned我认为，就我而言

　　(2)counter-productive适得其反的、事与愿违的

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(六)University Students' Pursuit of Famous Brands

　　1. 现在很多大学生都追求穿名牌，用名牌

　　2. 你对这种现象的看法

　　● 审题概述●

　　这是一篇论述对大学生追求和使用名牌看法的文章。第一段，详述大学生热衷追求、使

　　用名牌的情形以及人们的看法。第二段，重点谈你对此的看法。

　　【范文】

　　University Students' Pursuit of Famous Brands

　　"What perfumes are you wearing?" "Aren't your shoes Nike's latest release?" "I like the Mickey bag you bought yesterday." "I hear the Jack & Jones store is on sale this week. Do you wanna come along?" Don't feel surprised if you hear them coming out of the mouth of college students. It's quite common to hear and see college students swapping information about the brands they like and the products they use. In fact, discussions about brand names have become one of the college students' favourite pastimes. They learn about the latest fashion from each other, exchange tips about when and where to get the item, and buy it at their earliest convenience. "Keeping up with the Joneses" is their conviction - "If the Joneses have it, how could I have not?"

　　About this current mindset of the college students, many people may hasten to show their disapproval. They'll probably take it to be a reflection of the students' vanity and superficiality. And they may lecture them on the virtue of being thrifty.

　　However, I beg to differ. For one thing, name-brand products are usually quality products. As such, they are something beautiful, endurable, and reliable. "The love of beauty is common to all," goes the proverb; therefore, there's nothing to blame about the pursuit of famous brands. For the other, college students are old enough to make their own decisions. Likewise, they must abide by the consequences if they make an ill-advised one. If they let their pursuit of brands eat into their budget for other more important issues, they should be able to correct their mistakes and keep everything in moderation. So this becomes no other than a good chance to learn management, isn't it?

　　◇第一段思路点评：

　　本段分为两个部分，即详细陈述大学生追求和使用名牌的情况，以及人们对此的看法。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　(1)keeping up with the Joneses要在地位和物质上比得上周围的人

　　(2)conviction坚定的信仰、看法

　　(3)vanity and superficiality虚荣心和面子观(肤浅、表面、浅薄)

　　◇第二段思路点评：

　　本段应辩证地分析大学生追求、使用名牌的现象，既有对此肯定的看法，也有否定的看法，即大学生在追求和使用名牌中汲取经验教训并学会管理。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　(1)abide by the consequences自食其果

　　(2)ill-advised考虑不周的、不明智的

　　(3)in moderation适度、不过分

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(七)Knowledge and Diploma

　　1. 目前社会上存在这样一种说法：文凭越高越吃香

　　2. 而有些人则认为文凭不等于知识

　　3. 你的观点

　　● 审题概述●

　　这是一篇论述高文凭与知识关系的文章。第一段，概述社会上文凭越高越吃香的看法。第二段，主要论述有些人文凭不等于知识的观点。第三段，重点阐述你对此的看法。

　　【范文】

　　Knowledge and Diploma

　　It is generally believed that a high diploma guarantees a promising future. Some people identify high diplomas with profound knowledge and exceptional competence. Companies also tend to emphasize the academic achievement of a job candidate. Like it or not, there does exist a social reality - the higher diplomas one gets, the more popular he becomes.

　　On the contrary, other people claim that a high diploma doesn't automatically translate into knowledge. A diploma, in their eyes, is only the acknowledgment of one's educational experience rather than a guarantee of one's ability. Therefore, we can never measure the depth of one's knowledge by the grade of one's diploma. Besides, many knowledgeable people don't have a high diploma. Take Bill Gates for example. His dropping out of college cannot deny the fact that he is one of the world's most learned men.

　　So I must say no one should ever equate a diploma with knowledge, because a diploma is nothing but a proof of a short-term study while genuine knowledge needs one's lifelong devotion.

　　◇第一段思路点评：

　　先陈述人们对高文凭高能力的看法，再点出这是一种社会现实。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　job candidate求职者、应聘者

　　◇第二段思路点评：

　　详细论述文凭并不等于能力。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　Acknowledgment承认、致谢、感谢、答谢

　　◇第三段思路点评：

　　使用一个长句阐述了你对文凭与知识辩证关系的认识。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　(1)equate a diploma with knowledge 把文凭与知识划等号

　　(2)nothing but a proof of a short-term study只是短期学习的证明

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(八)The Rise of Shanzhai Culture

　　1. 最近兴起了一股"山寨热"

　　2. 你如何看待山寨现象

　　● 审题概述●

　　本文是一篇论述山寨现象以及人们和你对此看法的文章。第一段，概述方兴未艾的山寨

　　热。第二段，阐述山寨产品的优势以及给人们带来的好处。第三段，论述人们和你对山寨现象的反对立场和观点，即山寨产品的非法性。

　　【范文】

　　The Rise of Shanzhai Culture

　　The vast array of knockoff name-brand products, such as cell phones, DVDs, MP3 players, have made "shanzhai" the hottest word of the year. Now we wear shanzhai watches, talk through shanzhai cell phones, play shanzhai video games, use shanzhai computers, even watch shanzhai TV shows. Once a term used before some electronic products to suggest a copycat version of inferior quality, shanzhai now suggests to many Chinese creativity and trendiness. With the media all over the rise of shanzhai culture, public opinions are clearly divided.

　　Advocates invariably associate it with innovation, stylishness, the DIY spirit, open-mindedness and practicality, as shanzhai products often mix imitation with innovation - a similar skin but a different heart. The end products are usually more functionaland much cheaper than the original. Besides, they respond to the market more swiftly and they are more considerate in design. Thanks to them, more people at the grassroots level can enjoy the benefit of modern technology.

　　However, other people, including myself, hold more reserved attitudes towards the shanzhai fever. For all the popularity it has won, a copycat is a copycat. The mockery of the prestige products not only steals their profits but also upsets market competition. Moreover, shanzhai products thrive on the current legal loopholes. Under the disguise of anti-dominance slogans, they make illegal profits by violating intellectual property rights and evading taxes. And to top it off, the so-called innovation is only senseless talk as true innovation always faces huge costs and potential failures, while plagiarism simply builds success on other people's risks.

　　◇第一段思路点评：

　　综述山寨热现象。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　...public opinions are clearly divided此句起承上启下的作用

　　◇第二段思路点评：

　　主要阐述山寨产品的优势。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　(1)mix imitation with innovation混淆模仿与创新

　　(2)respond to the market对市场做出反应

　　◇第三段思路点评：

　　主要阐述对山寨产品侵权、扰乱市场等方面的看法。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　(1)The mockery of the prestige products拙劣地模仿名牌

　　(2)thrive on茁壮成长、蓬勃发展、繁荣

　　(3)legal loopholes法律漏洞(空子)

　　(4)Under the disguise of anti-dominance slogans在反垄断口号的伪装下

　　(5)violating intellectual property rights违反知识产权

　　(6)evading taxes逃税

　　(7)plagiarism剽窃、抄袭

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(九)It's Time to Stop Software Piracy

　　1. 盗版软件比比皆是

　　2. 盗版软件猖獗的原因

　　3. 如何打击盗版软件

　　● 审题概述●

　　这是一篇主要论述盗版软件猖獗原因和打击盗版软件的措施的文章。第一段，概述中国

　　盗版软件泛滥的情况。第二段，重点分析盗版软件猖獗的主要原因。第三段，侧重阐述打击盗版软件的措施。

　　【范文】

　　It's Time to Stop Software Piracy

　　China has often been criticized for the rampant practice of software piracy. Take a look around. We operate on pirated Windows systems, defend PC security with pirated Kaspersky anti-virus programmes, process files with pirated Microsoft Office, draft 3D designs with pirated AutoCAD, refine pictures with pirated Adobe Photoshop, and study English with pirated Kingsoft's electronic dictionaries and translators. It's no exaggeration that pirated software is everywhere.

　　The logic behind the phenomenon is simple and clear: if a pirated copy is available for just a tiny fraction of the normal price, not to speak of many of the free downloads online, who would pay for an authentic copy? Cheaper prices aside, easy access is another important factor. With such a large gathering of pirated upgrades around, who would bother to spend time and money searching the stores for an authorized yet outdated version?

　　Despite these apparent benefits, the practice of software piracy should be banned, because it represents unfair competition and by nature it's a no-win situation. But how? Two approaches are to be taken at the same time: Technically, software developers should enhance their antipiracy engineering, so that cracking the software should be virtually impossible. And legally, the government should also tighten its antipiracy laws and toughen up the penalties, so that violations should be costly.

　　◇第一段思路点评：

　　概述中国盗版软件泛滥的现状。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　the rampant practice of software piracy猖獗的盗版软件

　　◇第二段思路点评：

　　论述盗版软件猖獗的原因。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　(1)downloads online 在线下载

　　(2)authentic copy正版

　　◇第三段思路点评：

　　阐述打击盗版软件的具体做法，包括软件商和政府采取的应对措施。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　tighten its antipiracy laws and toughen up the penalties加强反盗版立法和盗版惩罚

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(十)Effects of Financial Crisis on College Students

　　1.金融危机给各行各业都造成了一定影响

　　2.金融危机对大学生造成何种影响

　　3.作为大学生，应怎样应对这种影响

　　● 审题概述

　　这是一篇主要论述金融危机与大学生关系的文章。第一段，概述金融危机给世界造成的影响。第二段，论述金融危机给大学生带来的就业、经济等影响。第三段，阐述大学生面对金融危机带来的影响应提高专业技能等。

　　【范文】

　　Effects of Financial Crisis on College Students

　　Since the financial crisis swept the world, the global economy has sunk into a severe recession. It's hard to get through a day without hearing or reading news about the devastating effects of the crisis: A world of companies go bankrupt, millions of employees are laid off, high-return investment bubbles burst, and huge sums of loans can never be retrieved. Its impact on our daily life can be felt in all walks of life.

　　College students inevitably fall victim to this pervasive slump as well. On top of that, internships and job vacancies are reduced to the minimum as companies keep shrinking. New graduates find themselves hard to get a job, not to speak of a satisfactory one. What comes next? Poor students will be hard-pressed if they find student loans unavailable any more. As a result, some even cannot afford to continue their studies. Lastly, more students are probably out there anxiously looking for part-time jobs now that they have to help cover their expenses in this gloomy economy. Their innocence and eagerness might be taken advantage of by some malicious businesspeople, or even criminal gang.

　　In response to these threats, we students must act promptly and wisely. Since we definitely will be facing a competitive job market, it's crucial that we submit high quality resumes. Therefore, we must commit more to our professional studies. Even do better, master more relevant job skills as a double security. Furthermore, apply for scholarships and grants, as these are still available and we don't have to pay them back. As for the safety issues, trust our instinct - there's no free lunch in this world. Anything that promises quick returns without much work is a sure trap. Stay alert and protect ourselves.

　　◇第一段思路点评：

　　概述金融危机给各行各业造成的影响。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　(1)severe recession严重衰退

　　(2)devastating effects毁灭性的后果

　　(3)go bankrupt破产

　　(4)high-return investment bubbles高回报投资泡沫

　　(5)retrieved追回、挽回

　　◇第二段思路点评：

　　主要论述金融危机给大学生带来影响。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　(1)slump 经济萧条、不景气、经济衰退

　　(2)internships 实习

　　(3)fall victim to 被降服、屈服于

　　(4)malicious恶毒的、恶意的

　　◇第三段思路点评：

　　阐述大学生如何应对金融危机的影响。

　　◇语言点提示：

　　注意since, therefore, furthermore等关联词的使用，使句间关系更加紧密。

　　最后提醒大家再注意几个话题：

　　1.大学生逃课现象

　　2.大学里的艺术节或各种社团

　　3.人应该追求物质还是追求精神