试卷代号： A

　　大学英语四级考试(CET 6)

　　试题册

　　注意事项

　　一、 将自己的校名、姓名、学校代号、准考证号写在答题卡1和答题卡2上，将本试卷代号划在答题卡2上。

　　二、 把试题册、答题卡均不得带出考场。考试结束后，教师收卷后才可离开考场。

　　三、 仔细读懂题目的说明。

　　四、 在30分钟内做完答题卡1上的作文题。30分钟后考生按指令启封试题册。在接着的15分钟内完成快速阅读理解部分的试题。然后监考员收取答题卡1，考生在答题卡2上完成其余部分的试题。全部答题时间为125分钟，不得拖延答题。

　　五、 考生必须在答题卡上作答，凡写在试题册上的大案一律无效。

　　六、 多项选择题每题只有一个答案;如多选，则该题无分。选定答案后用HB-2B浓度的铅笔在相应的字母中划一条横线。划线要有一定的粗度，要盖过字母的底色。

　　七、 如果要改动答案，必须先用橡皮擦净原来选定的答案，然后按规定重新答题。

　　八、 在考试过程中要注意对自己的答案保密。若被他人抄袭，一经发现，后果自负。

　　Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)

　　注意：此部分试题在答题卡 1上，请在答题卡1上作答。

　　Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

　　Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

　　The Internet

　　Internet was born 40 years ago, in a lab at the University of California, Los Angeles. Today it wraps the entire planet and features in the daily routine of more than 1.5 billion people. But do you know hte following facts and information about the computer?

　　Could the Net Become Self-aware?

　　In engineering terms, it is easy to see qualitative similarities between the human brain and the Internet's complex network of nodes (节点), as they both hold, process, recall and transmit information. "The Internet behaves a fair bit like a mind, "says Ben Goertzel, chair of the Artificial General Intelligence Research Institute. " It might ready have a degree of consciousness".

　　Not that it will necessarily have the same kind of consciousness as humans; it is unlikely to be wondering who it is, for instance. To Francis Heylighen, who studies consciousness and artificial intelligence at the Free University of Brussels in Belgium, consciousness is merely a system of mechanisms for making information processing more efficient by adding a level of control over which of the brain's processes get the most resources. Adding consciousness is more a matter of fine-tuning and increasing control than a jump to a wholly different level," Heylighen says.

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　　How-might this manifest itself? Heylighen speculates that it might turn the Internet into a self-aware network that constantly strives to become better at what it does, reorganizing itself and filling gaps in its own knowledge and abilities.

　　If it is not already semiconscious, we could do various things to help wake it up, such as requiring the net to monitor its own knowledge gaps and do something about them. It shouldn’t be something to fear, says Goertzel;" The outlook for humanity is probably better in the case that an emergent, coherent and purposeful Internet mind develops. "

　　Heylighen agrees, but warns that we might find it a little disappointing. " We probably would not notice a whole lot of a difference, initially, "he says.

　　And when might this begin? According to Heylighen, it all depends on Internet fashion trends. If the effort that has gone into developing social networking sites goes into developing Internet consciousness, it could happen within a decade, he says.

　　How Big Is the Net?

　　Recent estimates suggest that well over1 billion people rely on computers to access the Internet. Yet there are also a billion or so other people who use cellphones to visit cyberspace, making them as much a part of the online community as someone surfing from a PC.

　　That the Internet is vast is undoubted. In July 2008, web surfers were introduced

　　Cuil. com, billed by its designers as "the world's biggest search engine". It indexed an impressive 120 billion pages, but shortly before its launch Google announced that its systems had registered a trillion unique pages.

　　Even this might represent a fraction of what is out there. Some estimates suggest that there could be hundreds of times more information stored on the Internet than Google or Cuil have so far indexed.

　　One thing's for sure: the Internet and its contents will continue to grow rapidly. According to Google, several billion web pages are added each day. And in the minute it has taken you to read this, the total has leapt by about 700,000.Index that!

　　Where Are the Net's Dark Corners?

　　If your emails mysteriously disappear, or your favorite website is suddenly unobtainable, you might have run into one "black hole". Though nowhere near as destructive as their cosmological(宇宙论的) cousins, information black holes can create all kinds of problems for surfers. Essentially they are points on the network at which data packets simply disappear due to broken connections, say, or misconfigured routers---devices that maintain lists of addresses and which help direct Internet traffic. A team including computer scientist Ethan Katz-Bassett at the University of Washington in Seattle has detected almost 1. 5 million black holes since it began looking in 2007. The majority persist for over 2 hours, he says. Unfortunately it is tough to predict where they will appear next, so it's hard for the average surfer to avoid them.

　　Far easier to avoid are a kind of online chat-room called Internet Relay Chat (IRC) channels. Though the majority are legitimate, a few IRC channels have a very dark reputation, and are run as open markets for stolen goods. One 2007 survey found $37 million worth of illegal stuff in IRC channels, including 80,000 credit card numbers and bank account details. And if that is not bad enough, some of these chat-rooms are also used by hackers to send commands to their networks of evil software bots, or botnets. When a PC is infected by a virus or evil software it may be hijacked and used as part of a botnet to launch spam or cyber-attacks elsewhere.

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　　Then there are significant pockets of cyberspace ----some 5 per cent of all Internet addresses----that are not fully connected to the rest of the net. Dubbed the" dark Internet" ,they are often the result of faulty routers or networks with strict security policies that block traffic.

　　Amongst these dark regions are blocks of seemingly unused Internet addresses that may suddenly and briefly flare into activity. Although this behavior might have an innocent explanation ,it can also hint at dubious activities.

　　A three-year study by online security consultants Arbor Networks revealed that dark Internet addresses can be a source of cyber-attacks and junk email. The study suggests that hackers or spammers hijack routers and use them to create false addresses which are left dormant until the hackers bring them to life to facilitate their nefarious(恶毒的)ends. These dark addresses seem to be multiplying in proportion to the growth of the net, says Arbor Networks' Craig Labovitz.

　　Is the Net Hurting the Environment?

　　Sending an email across the Atlantic Ocean does not burn any jet fuel, but the Internet is not without its own, huge carbon footprint. One estimate suggests it takes a huge 152 billion kilowatt-hours per year just to power the data centers that keep the net running. Add to that the energy used by all the computers and peripherals linked to it and the whole thing could be responsible for as much as 2 per cent of all human-made CO2 emissions, putting it on a par with the aviation industry.

　　The way we use our computers also has an impact. According to Google, the production of the electricity needed for a single Internet search generates 200 milligrams of CO2. This may not sound much, but it adds up:1000 searches produce the same CO2 emissions as an average European car travelling 1 kilometre. Worse, Internet traffic is currently growing at around 50 percent each year. According to the international environmental coalition The Climate Group, total emissions from computers will increase by 380 percent, to the equivalent of 1.4 gigatonnes(十亿吨)of CO2, by 2020.

　　If the IT industry continues with business as usual, there is no question that the Internet's energy consumption will skyrocket, says Bill Weihl, Google's green-energy tsar. As a result, many organizations are turning to so-called green data centers which are far more efficient at cooling computers. At the same time, new computers are becoming more efficient. This has led to the energy needed to send each megabyte of data across the net to fall by about 30 per cent annually, says Jonathan Koomey, an energy expert at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Oakland, California.

　　IBM says it is developing carbon-neutral data centres, using a novel form of water cooling which channels the heat given off by chips to provide warmth for nearby homes and offices. In a similar vein, Google has patented the idea of sea-based floating data centres which use wave motion as a power source, while cold water sucked up from the deep ocean could cool the computer chips.

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　　The Internet itself could help us to reduce our energy consumption. Video conferencing is just one example, says Koomey. " Moving electrons is always better than moving atoms," he says. What no one knows, however, is whether the technology has led to any significant reduction in travel, or whether uptake in video conferencing has actually increased our CO2 emissions.

　　注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上作答;8-10题在答题卡1上。

　　1. Human brain and the net are similar in that both of them .

　　A) have the same kind of consciousness

　　B) can be tested by engineering techniques

　　C) have the ability to handle information

　　D) can be described in qualitative terms

　　2. How does Francis Heylighen understand the consciousness of the net?

　　A) It will one day replace that of humans and try to find its own identity.

　　B) It makes information processed in an organized and productive way.

　　C) It is creating a step-by-step revolution in the development in the network.

　　D) It is a completely different technique in the field of artificial intelligence.

　　3. Heylighen predicts that a self-aware network will .

　　A) improve automatically its own knowledge and abilities

　　B) try to do better than its human counterparts

　　C) organize itself again in a totally different way

　　D) track down accurately the latest knowledge and information

　　4. What service can Cuil. com deliver to its users?

　　A) It provides information which can be found at Google.

　　B) It works on building the largest data base around the world.

　　C) It designs search engines for its users when asked.--.

　　D) It helps the users to search for the information they want.

　　5. Information black holes can be annoying because .

　　A) it's not easy to foretell their visits on the net

　　B) it usually dominates the net page as long as over two hours

　　C) it steals the users' account number for email box

　　D) it prevents the users from visiting the websites they like

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　　6. In what aspect can an IRC channel be taken advantage of?

　　A) All kinds of goods are traded through the channel.

　　B) It is used as a place for hackers to send commands.

　　C) It becomes a factory to develop and produce virus.

　　D) Its chatrooms are in fact the birthplace of junk emails.

　　7. According to Arbor Networks, dark Internet addresses .

　　A) can be inactivated so as to avoid being used by ill-intentioned networks

　　B) are the result of strict policies that block traffic on the net

　　C) are probably the ideal hidden place for hackers and junk emails

　　D) seem to increase in accordance with the development of the net

　　Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

　　11. A) She isn’t going to change her major.

　　B) She plans to major in tax law.

　　C) She studies in the same school as her brother.

　　D) She isn’t going to work in her brother’s firm.

　　12. A) She will do her best if the job is worth doing.

　　B) She prefers a life of continued exploration.

　　C) She will stick to the job if the pay is good.

　　D) She doesn’t think much of job-hopping.

　　13. A) Stop thinking about the matter. B) Talk the drug user out of the habit.

　　C) Be more friendly to his schoolmate. D) Keep his distance from drug addicts.

　　14. A) The son. B) The father. C) The mother. D) Aunt Louise.

　　15. A) Stay away for a couple of weeks. B) Check the locks every two weeks.

　　C) Look after the Johnsons’ house. D) Move to another place.

　　16. A) He didn’t want to warm up for the game.

　　B) He didn’t want to be held up in traffic.

　　C) He wanted to make sure they got tickets.

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　　D) He wanted to catch as many game birds as possible.

　　17. A) It will reduce government revenues.

　　B) It will stimulate business activities.

　　C) It will mainly benefit the wealthy.

　　D) It will cut the stockholders’ dividends.

　　18. A) The man should phone the hotel for directions.

　　B) The man can ask the department store for help.

　　C) She doesn’t have the hotel’s phone number.

　　D) The hotel is just around the corner.

　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　19. A) To interview a few job applicants.

　　B) To fill a vacancy in the company.

　　C) To advertise for a junior sales manager.

　　D) To apply for a job in a major newspaper.

　　20. A) A hardworking ambitious young man.

　　B) A young man good at managing his time.

　　C) A college graduate with practical working experience.

　　D) A young man with his own idea of what is important.

　　21. A) Not clearly specified. B) Reasonable enough.

　　C) Not likely to be met. D) Apparently ***ist.

　　Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　22. A) The latest developments of an armed rebellion in Karnak.

　　B) The fall of Karnak’s capital city into the hands of the reble forces.

　　C) The epidemic that has just broken out in the country of Karnak.

　　D) The peace talks between the rebels and the government in Karnak.

　　23. A) The epidemic has been brought under control.

　　B) There are signs of progress in the peace process.

　　C) Great improvements are being made in its capital.

　　D) There’s little hope of bringing the conflict to an end.

　　24. A) Late in the morning B) Early in the afternoon.

　　C) Sometime before dawn. D) Shortly after sunrise.

　　25. A) Inadequate medical care. B) Continuing social unrest.

　　C) Lack of food, water and shelter. D) Rapid spreading of the epidemic

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

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　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

　　Passage One

　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　26. A) One of the bridges between North and South London collapsed.

　　B) The heart of London was flooded.

　　C) An emergency exercise was conducted.

　　D) A hundred people in the suburbs were drowned.

　　27. A) Fifty underground stations were made waterproof.

　　B) A flood wall was built.

　　C) An alarm system was set up.

　　D) Rescue teams were formed.

　　28. A) Most Londoners were frightened.

　　B) Most Londoners became rather confused.

　　C) Most Londoners took Exercise Flood call calmly.

　　D) Most Londoners complained about the trouble caused by Exercise Flood call.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　29. A) It limited their supply of food.

　　B) It made their eggshells too fragile

　　C) It destroyed many of their nests.

　　D) It killed many baby bald eagles.

　　30. A) They found ways to speed up the reproduction of bald eagles.

　　B) They developed new types of feed for baby bald eagles.

　　C) They explored new ways to hatch baby bald eagles.

　　D) They brought in bald eagles from Canada.

　　31. A) Pollution of the environment.

　　B) A new generation of pest killers.

　　C) Over-killing by hunters.

　　D) Destruction of their natural homes.

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　　Passage Three

　　Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　32. A) Why people hold back their tears.

　　B) Why people cry.

　　C) How to restrain one’s tears.

　　D) How tears are produced.

　　33. A) What chemicals tears are composed of.

　　B) Whether crying really helps us feel better.

　　C) Why some people tend to cry more often than others.

　　D) How tears help people cope with emotional problems.

　　34. A) Only one out of four girls cries less often than boys.

　　B) Of four boys, only one cries very often.

　　C) Girls cry four times as often as boys.

　　D) Only one out of four babies doesn’t cry often.

　　35. A) Only humans respond to emotions by shedding tears.

　　B) Only humans shed tears to get rid of irritating stuff in their eyes.

　　C) Only human tears can resist invading bacteria.

　　D) Only human tears can discharge certain chemicals.

　　Section C

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

　　注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上;请在答题卡2上作答。

　　Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.

　　The prospects for women who are scientists and engineers at major research universities have improved, although women continue of face inequalities in salary and access to some other resources, a panel of the National Research Council concludes in a new report.

　　In recent years “men and women faculty in science, engineering and mathematics have enjoyed comparable opportunities,” the panel said in its report, released on Tuesday. It found that women who apply for university jobs and, once they have them, for promotion and tenure(教师任期), are at least as likely to succeed as men. But compared with their numbers among new Ph.D.’s, women are still underrepresented(未被充分代表的)in applicant pools, a puzzle that offers an opportunities for further research, the panel said.

　　The panel said one factor outshined all others in encouraging women to apply for jobs: having women on the committees appointed to fill them.

　　In another report this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers at the University of Wisconsin reviewed a variety of studies and concluded that the achievement gap between boys and girls in mathematics performance had narrowed to the vanishing point.

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　　“US girls have now reached parity(平等)with boys, even in high school and even for measures requiring complex problem solving,” the Wisconsin researchers said. Although girls are still underrepresented in the ranks of young math prodigies, they said, that gap is narrowing, which undermines claims that a greater prevalence of profound mathematical talent in males is biologically determined. The researchers said this and other phenomenon “ provide abundant evidence for the impact of socio-cultural and other environmental factors on the development of mathematical skills and talent and the size, if any, of math gender gaps.”

　　The research council. an arm of the National Academy of Sciences, convened its expert panel at the request of Congress. The panel surveyed six disciplines—biology, chemistry, mathematics, civil and electrical engineering and physics----and based its analysis on interviews with faculty members at 89 institutions and data from federal agencies, professional societies and other sources.

　　The panel was led by Claude Canizares, a physicist who is vice president for research at M.I. T., and Dr. Sally Shaywitz of Yale Medical School, an expert on learning.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。

　　47. In spite of much improvement, women still remain confronted with the inequalities in____。

　　48. Compared to the number of men Ph.D. in applicant pools, women Ph.D. are still _______________.

　　49. Researchers at the University of Wisconsin concluded that the achievement gap between boys and girls in their mathematics performance _________.

　　50. Those factors that affect the development of mathematical skills and talent are _________.

　　51. The panel has studied six disciplines and their analysis is based on _________ at 89　institutions as well as data from federal agencies, professional societies and other sources.

　　Section B

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.

　　An epidemic of swine flu has recently developed in Mexico and the United States, says the CDC. Swine flu has killed many people, and the outbreak has features that suggest it could become a global pandemic(大流行病)A pandemic is an epidemic that spreads around the whole world. Pandemics also often cause more severe disease than epidemics.

　　Flu is a disease caused by the influenza virus. Humans, pigs, birds and other animals all can be infected by influenza viruses. Typically, influenza viruses can infect only one species, so the influenza viruses of humans are different from those pigs and birds. However, sometimes a virus can infect more than one species. For example, pigs sometimes can be infected not only with pig influenza viruses, but also with human and bird influenza viruses. Then these viruses can come up to one another secretly and swap (交换) genes, creating new viruses that have a mix of genes---from human, pig, and bird viruses. That is what has happened with this new swine flu virus.

　　Sometimes this swapping of genes allows a virus that was originally able to infect only pigs or only birds to also infect humans. When that happens, we refer to the illness as" swine flu" or" bird flu". This current virus could actually be called "swine/bird flu" , since it has some genes from pig flu viruses and other genes from bird flu viruses.

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　　Most viruses that cause swine flu or bird flu are very hard to pass from one human to another; they don't cause, epidemics. Sometimes, however, further changes in gene create a virus that can spread rapidly among humans, and can produce a more severe illness. One reason this illness is more severe is that the virus is so new. The regular flu that comes each year is caused by a regular human influenza virus that often has similarities to the viruses that have caused the flu in years past, so people have some degree of immunity to the latest virus. The unusual swine flu or bird flu viruses that develop the ability for person-to-person spread are so different that people have little or no immunity to them.

　　The worst global pandemic in modern times was the influenza pandemic of 1918 to 1919. It affected about a third of the human race, and killed at least 40 million people in less than a year---more than have been killed by AIDS in three decades. The world economy went into a deep recession. The average length of life dropped for 10 years.

　　Unfortunately, the new swine flu virus can be transmitted between humans. It is not clear yet how easily it is transmitted, nor how it is transmitted. Almost surely it is transmitted by sneezing and coughing, and by skin-to-skin contact with an infected person.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

　　52. According to the passage, a pandemic .

　　A) proves to be identical to an epidemic.

　　B) always follows an epidemic.

　　C) tends to be widespread and produces more serious disease

　　D) turns out be fatal to people who get infected

　　53. What can we know about the present epidemic ---swine flu?

　　A) The genes of the flu virus come from pigs.

　　B) It will soon spread and cause a pandemic.

　　C) There has been further change in the genes of the viruses.

　　D) It is similar to the influenza pandemic of 1918 to 1919.

　　54. Why is the swine flu very dangerous to humans?

　　A) Because it is fatal and has killed many people.

　　B) Because it has spread to many countries.

　　C) Because people know nothing about it.

　　D) Because people know no immunity to it.

　　55. What can know about the influenza pandemic of 1918 to 1919?

　　A) It is the only large-scale epidemic in modern times.

　　B) It killed about one third of the world’s population.

　　C) It killed more people than AIDS did.

　　D) It had a great impact on the world’s economy.

　　56. What do scientists say about the transmission of the swine flu virus?

　　A) It is easily transmitted from person to person.

　　B) It remains unclear how it is transmitted.

　　C) It is transmitted by sneezing or coughing.

　　D) It is transmitted by skin-to-skin contact.

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　　Passage Two

　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

　　Every other week it seems a new study comes out that adds to our already-formidable store of parental worries. But even by those upgraded standards, the report issued last week by the federal government’s National Center for Health Statistics contained a jaw-dropper: the parents of nearly one of every five boys in the United States were concerned enough about what they saw as their son’s emotional or behavioral problems that they consulted a doctor or a health-care professional. By comparison, about one out of 10 parents of girls reported these kinds of problems.

　　The report confirms what many of us have been observing for some time now that lots of school-age boys are struggling. And, parents are intensely worried about them.

　　What is bothering our sons? Some experts suggest we are witnessing an epidemic of ADHD and say boys need more treatment. Others say that environmental pollutants found in plastics, among other things, may be eroding their attention spans and their ability to regulate their emotions.

　　Those experts may be right but I have another suggestion. Let's examine the way our child rearing and our schools have evolved in the last10 years. Then ask ourselves this challenging question: could some of those changes we have embraced in our families, our communities and our schools be driving our sons crazy?

　　Instead of unstructured free play, parents now schedule their kids' time from dawn till dusk (and sometimes beyond). By age 4, an ever-increasing number of children are enrolled in preschool. There, Instead of learning to get along with other kids, hold crayon (蜡笔) and play Duck, Duck, Goose, children barely out of diapers are asked to fill out work sheets, learn calculation or study Mandarin. The drumbeat (鼓声) early academics gets even louder when they enter" real" school. Veteran teachers will tell you that first graders are now routinely expected to master a curriculum that, only 15 years ago, would have been considered appropriate for second, even third graders. The way we teach children has changed, too. In many communities, elementary schools have become test-prep factories---where standardized testing begins in kindergarten and" teaching to the test" is considered a virtue. At the same time, recess (休息时间) is being pushed aside in order to provide extra time for reading and math drills. So is history and opportunities for hands-on activities---like science labs and art. Active play is increasingly frowned on---some schools have even banned recess and tag. In the wake of school shootings like the tragedy at Virginia Tech, kids who stretch out a pointer finger, bend their thumb and shout" pow! "are regarded with suspicion and not a little fear.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

　　57. What are many American parents concerned about according to the first paragraph?

　　A) Their children's health problems.

　　B) Their children's emotional and behavioral problems.

　　C) The report issued by National Center for Health Statistics.

　　D) The studies that come out every other week.

　　58. What might be the reason that caused the problems among the boys according to the author?

　　A) The wide spread of ADHD.

　　B) Environmental pollutants found in things we use.

　　C) The way children are reared and educated

　　D) Over-attention from parents

　　59. What do most parents expect of their children in preschools?

　　A) The ability to get along with other children

　　B) The freedom to learn what they like

　　C) Enjoyment of free play

　　D) Good academic performance

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　　60. What do elementary schools encourage children to do according to the passage?

　　A) To put all their time and energy into reading and math drills.

　　B) To do more quiet activities instead of active ones.

　　C) To use more recess time for hands-on activities.

　　D) To develop good virtues along with good academic performance.

　　61. What does the author want the parents to be aware of?

　　A) Their boys have emotional or behavioral problems.

　　B) The present way of educating children might have problems.

　　C) Children need more time and concern from parents.

　　D) It is no good sending children to preschools.

　　Part Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)

　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C), and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。

　　From childhood to old age, all of us have to use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world around us. When humans first __62__, they were like

　　new-born children, unable to use this __63__ tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kind's future __64__ and cultural growth increased.

　　Many linguists believe that evolution is __65__ for human’s ability to produce and use

　　languages. They __66__ that our highly

　　evolved brain provides us __67__ an innate

　　language ability not found in lower __68__. Proponents (支持者) of this innateness theory say that our __69__ for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, __70__ a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical __71__ times for language development.

　　Current__72__ of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. __73__, more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in __74__ grades. Young children often can learn

　　several languages by being __75__ to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the __76__ of their first language have become firmly fixed.

　　__77__ some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been __78__ from other human beings do not possess languages. This demonstrates that __79__ with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language __80__ than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. __81__, children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their children's language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.

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　　62. A) generated B) evolved

　　C) born D) originated

　　63. A) valuable B) appropriate

　　C) convenient D) favorite

　　64. A) attainments B) feasibility

　　C) entertainments D) evolution

　　65. A) essential B) available

　　C) reliable D) responsible

　　66. A) confirm B) inform

　　C) claim D) convince

　　67. A) for B) from

　　C) of D) with

　　68. A) organizations B) organisms

　　C) humans D) children

　　69. A) potential B) performance

　　C) preference D) passion

　　70. A) as B) just as

　　C) like D) unlike

　　71. A) ideological B) biological

　　C) social D) psychological

　　72. A) recommendation B) reference

　　C) reaction D) reviews

　　73. A) Thus B) However

　　C) Indeed D) Moreover

　　74. A) various B) different

　　C) advanced D) lower

　　75. A) revealed B) exposed

　　C) engaged D) involved

　　76. A) regulations B) formations

　　C) rules D) constitutions

　　77. A) Although B) Whether

　　C) Since D) When

　　78. A) distinguished B) different

　　C) protected D) isolated

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　　79. A) exposition B) comparison

　　C) contrast D) interaction

　　80. A) acquisition B) appreciation

　　C) requirement D) alternative

　　81. A) In any case B) In a word

　　C) In other words D) In no case

　　Part Ⅵ Translation (5 minutes)

　　Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.

　　82. He told us he had learnt French for years, but what he said _________ (结果证明是假的).

　　83. _ _________ (尽管还是一个有争议的话题), there is a growing consensus that global climate changes are being caused by environmental pollution.

　　84. The special committee recommended that _________ (这项工程不应动工)until all the preparations have been made.

　　85. We’d better struggle for the future _________ (而不是为过去而懊悔).

　　86. Everybody, _________ (不论其种族背景和宗教信仰是什么), has the right to go about his or her life free from threat and attack.

　　注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。

　　答题卡一

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic Stars Acting as Sales Models for Advertisements. You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given below.

　　1. 现在有越来越多的明星为某产品代言广告;

　　2. 明星代言广告的原因;

　　3. 你的观点。

　　8. More than a hundred billion kilowatt-hours are used annually to provide the energy for .

　　9. A traditional development pattern for IT industry will cause a rapid increase in .

　　10. IBM expects to transfer the heat generated by Internet into energy to warm.

　　答题卡二

　　He was a funny-looking man with a cheerful face, good-natured and a great talker. He was (36)__________by his student, the great philosopher Plato, as “the best and most just and wisest man.” Yet this same man was (37) __________ to death for his beliefs by a jury composed of the leading figures of the time in Athens.

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　　The man was the Greek philosopher Socrates, and he was put to death for not believing in the recognized gods and for (38)_______ young people. The second charge stemmed from his (39)_____ with numerous young men who came to Athens from all over the (40)______ _

　　world to study under him.

　　Socrates’ method of teaching was to ask question and, by (41) ______ _ not to know the answers, to(42)______ _ his students into thinking for themselves. His teachings had (43)___________ influence on all the great Greek and Roman schools of philosophy. Yet for all his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word.

　　Socrates (44)_____________________________________________________________

　　_____________________________________________________ in Athens. They wanted him silenced. Yet many were probably surprised that he accepted death so readily.

　　Socrates (45) ______________________________________________________________

　　___________________________________________________________ .But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence. (46) _________________________________________________________________________

　　Reference Key

　　Part I Writing

　　答题思路：

　　Currently, we could hardly live a single day without seeing a celebrity spokesperson promoting a product or a social campaign on TV, net or other media. This is an intensely popular trend that we cannot fail to notice.

　　The reasons for stars acting as sales models for advertisements may fall into two aspects. On one hand, from the perspective of the companies, stars’ invisibility fuels the customers’ consuming passion, thus contributing a lot to the sales; on the other hand, from the angle of those stars, the high pay of being sales models or spokespeople drives them crazy, regardless of the real quality of the products.

　　There is no doubt that the celebrity spokespeople could boost the sale of a product. A host of celebrity spokespeople, however, have emerged as the marketing tool of some companies, even companies producing and selling fake and inferior items, which therefore, has exerted negative influence on consumers as well as the whole society. From my point of view, it is high time that measures were taken to eliminate the demerits. Firstly, laws should be worked out to regulate stars’ advertising. Secondly, stars should be conscious of their words and deeds, telling the truth to the public.

　　Part II Skimming and Scanning:

　　Key: 1-----7 CBADABD

　　8. the data centres

　　9. the Internet’s energy consumption

　　10. nearby homes and offices

　　Part III Listening Comprehension

　　Section A

　　11. D 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A

　　16. C 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. A

　　21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C

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　　Section B

　　26. C 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D

　　31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A

　　Section C

　　36. described 37. condemned 38. computing 39. association

　　40. civilized 41. pretending 42. press 43. unsurpassed

　　44. encouraged new ideas and free thinking in the young, and this was frightening to the conservatives

　　45. had the right to ask for a less severe penalty, and he probably could have persuaded the jury to change the verdict

　　46. So he calmly accepted his fate and drank a cup of poison in the presence of his grief-stricken friends and students

　　Part IV Reading in depth:

　　Section A

　　47. salary and access to some other resources

　　48. underrepresented

　　49 .had narrowed to the vanishing point.

　　50. socio-cultural and environmental

　　51. interviews with faculty members

　　Section B

　　52----61 CCDDB BCDAB

　　Part V Cloze

　　62-----81 BAADC DBAAB DCDBC ADDAC

　　Translation

　　82. turned out to be false/ was proved to be false/ was manifested to be false.

　　83. Although (it is) still a controversial subject/ Although (it is) still an issue under dispute/ Although it is a topic unsettled

　　84. the project (should) not be started/ the project should not be constructed/ the project should not begin

　　85. rather than regret for the past/ rather than be sorry for the past

　　86. regardless of racial backgrounds and religious beliefs / without respect to racial backgrounds and religious beliefs