再来看一道题目，

■ Because they are always swimming, tunas simply have to open their mouths and water is forced in and over their gills. ■ Accordingly, they have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills. ■ In fact, tunas must swim to breathe. ■ They must also keep swimming to keep from sinking, since most have largely or completely lost the swim bladder, the gas-filled sac that helps most other fish remain buoyant.

Look at the four squares [ ■ ] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

Consequently, tunas do not need to suck in water.

Where would the sentence best fit?

Click on a square [ ■ ] to add the sentence to the passage.

解题思路： 此题的带插入句子当中并没有代词， 这时我们可以根据关联词来解答题目。带插入句子当中的Consequently（结果是...）可以给我们暗示。带插入句子的含义为：结果是，tunas（金枪鱼）不需要吸水。那么该句子的前方应该在陈述关于导致金枪鱼不需要吸水的内容。此题正确答案选C。在第三个空格之前的这句话：...they have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills. （金枪鱼失去了像其他鱼类的嘴里所拥有的一块肌肉，这块肌肉用于吸水和从腮里排水。）既然已经失去了这块用来吸水的肌肉，那么自然紧接着陈述，其结果，即金枪鱼不再需要吸水。

5. 细节题 Factual Information questions

细节题是托福考试当中题量最大的一种题型，主要是对原文的事实信息进行提问来考察学生的信息检索能力和阅读能力，并且所有的选项都会出现原文的信息来对考生进行干扰。例如：

The muscles of these fishes and the mechanism that maintains a warm body temperature are also highly efficient. A bluefin tuna in water of 7° C (45° F) can maintain a core temperature of over 25° C (77° F). This warm body temperature may help not only the muscles to work better, but also the brain and the eyes. The billfishes have gone one step further. They have evolved special "heaters" of modified muscle tissue that warm the eyes and brain, maintaining peak performance of these critical organs.

10. According to paragraph 9, which of the following is true of bluefin tunas?

○ Their eyes and brain are more efficient than those of any other fish.

○ Their body temperature can change greatly depending on the water temperature.

○ They can swim in waters that are much colder than their own bodies.

○ They have special muscle tissue that warms their eyes and brain.

做细节题的第一步就是“定位”，要找到原文答案所在的区间。题干中问到“bluefin tunas”，我们回到原文，找到定位句：…A bluefin tuna in water of 7° C (45° F) can maintain a core temperature of over 25° C (77° F)…，即蓝鳍金枪鱼可以在低于自己体温（25° C）的水温（7° C）中生活，所以正确答案选择第三个。而其它干扰选项在原文均有出现，但是并不属于题干所问内容。

6. Negative Factual Information questions (0 to 2 questions per set )

首先我们来介绍一下否定信息题，Negative Factual Information questions。这种题型的提问方式一般为：

According to the passage,which of the following is NOT true of X?

The author’s description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT ?

在解答这种题目的时候首先要注意的是避免惯性思维的影响。在前面讲过的所有题目当中，或者是平时大家的做题习惯当中，我们都是看到与原文相符或者和原文一样的选项就选，但是到了这个题目，需要选择不属于题干内容或者与原文相反的选项，这是需要注意的一点。

一般这种题目的定位范围都在原文的某一个或者两个自然段，所以第一步需要的就是根据题目大定位到某个自然段，然后根据选项特征对应原文进行选题。我们来看一个例题：

Paragraph 7: The Cognitive Approach. Cognitive psychologists assert that our behavior is influenced by our values, by the ways in which we interpret our situations and by choice. For example, people who believe that aggression is necessary and justified-as during wartime-are likely to act aggressively, whereas people who believe that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust, or who think that aggression is never justified, are less likely to behave aggressively.

Paragraph 8: One cognitive theory suggests that aggravating and painful events trigger unpleasant feelings. These feelings, inturn, can lead to aggressive action, but not automatically. Cognitive factors intervene. People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on the basis of factors such as their experiences with aggression and their interpretation of other people's motives. Supporting evidence comes from research showing that aggressive people often distort other people's motives. For example, they assume that other people mean them harm when they do not.

9. According to the cognitive approach described in paragraphs 7 and 8, all of the following may influence the decision whether to act aggressively EXCEPT a person's

○ Moral values

○ Previous experiences with aggression

○ Instinct to avoid aggression

○ Beliefs about other people's intentions

这道题目的定位范围是两个自然段，四个选项中有三个会the decision whether to act aggressively，有一个选项不会“影响一个人决定是否要表现的具有侵略性”，我们要选择这个选项。首先，在第七自然段的第二句“Cognitive psychologists assert that our behavior is influenced by our values, by the ways in which we interpret our situations and by choice.”中就提到moral values，对应A 选项。其次，在第八自然段中，第四句“People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on the basis of factors such as their experiences with aggression and their interpretation of other people's motives.” 中提到两个选项， 一个是“their experiences with aggression”对应B 选项，另外一个是“interpretation of other people's motives”对应D选项。只有C 选项的instinct 没有提到，这道题目选择C 选项。